Home  ›  What methods did Nicholas Winton use to accomplish his goals?

What methods did Nicholas Winton use to accomplish his goals?

Written By samedi 9 avril 2022 Add Comment Edit

British banker (1909-2015) who saved 669 Jewish children in 1938–39

Sir

Nicholas Winton


MBE

Nicholas Winton in Prague.jpg

Winton in Prague on 10 October 2007
Born

Nicholas George Wertheim


(1909-05-19)nineteen May 1909

Hampstead, London, England
Died 1 July 2015(2015-07-01) (aged 106)

Slough, Berkshire, England
Resting place Braywick Cemetery, Maidenhead, Berkshire, England
Didactics Stowe School
Occupation Banker
Spouse(southward)

Grete Gjelstrup

​

​

(1000. 1948; d. 1999)​
Children 3
Armed forces career
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/co-operative Royal Air Force
Years of service 1940–1954
Rank Flight lieutenant
Awards 27 August 2020
Website nicholaswinton.com

Sir Nicholas George Winton MBE (born Wertheim; xix May 1909 – 1 July 2015) was a British humanitarian who helped to rescue children who were at risk from oppression by Nazi Federal republic of germany. Born to German-Jewish parents who had emigrated to Great britain at the beginning of the 20th century, Winton assisted in the rescue of 669 children, near of them Jewish, from Czechoslovakia on the eve of World State of war II. On a brief visit to Czechoslovakia he helped compile a list of children needing rescue and, returning to Britain, he worked to fulfill the legal requirements of bringing the children to Britain and finding homes and sponsors for them.[one] This operation was later known equally the Czech Kindertransport (High german for "children's transport").

His humanitarian accomplishments went unnoticed by the world for near 50 years until 1988 when he was invited to the BBC goggle box programme That's Life!, where he was reunited with dozens of the children he had helped come to Uk and was introduced to many of their children and grandchildren. The British press celebrated him and dubbed him the "British Schindler".[two] In 2003, Winton was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for "services to humanity, in saving Jewish children from Nazi Germany occupied Czechoslovakia".[3] On 28 October 2014, he was awarded the highest honour of the Czech republic, the Order of the White Lion (1st class), by Czech President Miloš Zeman. He died in his sleep, in 2015, at the historic period of 106.

Early life [edit]

Winton was born on xix May 1909 in Hampstead, London to Jewish parents Rudolph Wertheim (1881–1937), a banking company director, and his wife Barbara (née Wertheimer, 1888–1978),[four] as the middle-built-in of their 3 children. His elder sister was Charlotte (1908–2001) and the younger brother, Robert (1914–2009).[5] [half-dozen] [7] [ page needed ] His parents were German Jews who had moved to London two years earlier.[8] The family name was Wertheim, just they changed it to Winton in an effort at integration.[9] [ten] They also converted to Christianity, and Winton was baptised.[xi]

In 1923, Winton entered Stowe School, which had merely opened.[12] He left without qualifications, attending dark school while volunteering at the Midland Bank. He so went to Hamburg, where he worked at Behrens Bank, followed by Wasserman Banking concern in Berlin.[8] In 1931, he moved to France and worked for the Banque Nationale de Crédit in Paris. He also earned a cyberbanking qualification in France. Returning to London, he became a broker at the London Stock Exchange. Though a stockbroker, Winton was also "an ardent socialist who became close to Labour Party luminaries Aneurin Bevan, Jennie Lee and Tom Driberg".[13] Through some other socialist friend, Martin Blake, Winton became function of a left-wing circumvolve opposed to appeasement and concerned about the dangers posed past the Nazis.[13]

At school, he had go an outstanding fencer and was selected for the British team in 1938. He had hoped to compete in the following Olympics, but the games were cancelled because of World State of war II.[14]

Rescue work [edit]

Jewish children leave Prague for Britain. Winton appears towards the end of the video, wearing glasses.

Presently earlier Christmas 1938, Winton was planning to travel to Switzerland for a skiing holiday. Post-obit a telephone call for help from Marie Schmolka and Doreen Warriner,[xv] he decided instead to visit Prague and help Martin Blake,[viii] who was in Prague as an acquaintance of the British Committee for Refugees from Czechoslovakia,[xvi] and then in the procedure of being occupied by Germany, and had chosen Winton to ask him to assist in Jewish welfare piece of work.[17] Alongside the Czechoslovak Refugee Committee, the British and Canadian volunteers such as Winton, Trevor Chadwick, and Beatrice Wellington worked in organising to assistance children from Jewish families at take a chance from the Nazis.[eighteen] Many of them gear up their function at a dining room table in a hotel in Wenceslas Foursquare.[19] Birthday, Winton spent one calendar month in Prague and left in January 1939, vi weeks earlier the German language occupation of Czechoslovakia. Other foreign volunteers remained, such equally Chadwick, Warriner and Wellington.[15] In Nov 1938, following Kristallnacht in Nazi-ruled Deutschland, the Business firm of Commons canonical a measure to allow the entry into Uk of refugees younger than 17, provided they had a place to stay and a warranty of £l (approximately £iii,600 adapted for aggrandizement as of 2021[20]) was deposited per person for their eventual return to their own country.[21]

Netherlands [edit]

An important obstruction was getting official permission to cantankerous into the netherlands, as the children were to embark on the ferry at Hook of The netherlands. After Kristallnacht in November 1938, the Dutch government officially closed its borders to any Jewish refugees. The Royal Netherlands Marechaussee searched for them and returned whatsoever institute to Deutschland, despite the horrors of Kristallnacht being well known.[22]

Winton succeeded, cheers to the guarantees he had obtained from Great britain. After the first train, the process of crossing the Netherlands went smoothly.[23] Winton ultimately found homes in Britain for 669 children,[24] many of whose parents would perish in the Auschwitz concentration camp.[25] His female parent worked with him to place the children in homes and subsequently hostels.[26] [ folio needed ] Throughout the summer of 1939, he placed photographs of the children in Moving picture Postal service seeking families to accept them.[27] By coincidence, the names of the London and North Eastern Railway steamers which operated the Harwich to Claw of Holland route included the Prague and the Vienna; the former can be seen in a 1938 Pathé newsreel.[28]

He too wrote to U.S. politicians such as President Franklin D. Roosevelt, request them to accept more children.[27] He said that ii thousand more might have been saved if they had helped, but but Sweden took whatsoever besides those sent to Uk.[14] [27] The last group of children, scheduled to leave Prague on one September 1939, was unable to depart. With Hitler's invasion of Poland on the same day, the Second World War had begun.[17] [25] Of the 250 children due to leave on that train, just ii survived the state of war.[29] [30] [31]

Winton acknowledged the vital roles in Prague of Doreen Warriner, Trevor Chadwick,[32] Nicholas Stopford,[33] Beatrice Wellington (born xv June 1907),[34] Josephine Pike and Bill Barazetti (1914–2000),[35] who also worked to evacuate children from Europe. Winton was in Prague for only well-nigh iii weeks earlier the Nazis occupied the country.[36] He never gear up foot in the Prague main railway station, although a statue of him is erected there. He after wrote that Chadwick "then went to work and dealt with all the considerable bug at the Prague end and this work he continued to bear on fifty-fifty when it became hard and unsafe when the Germans arrived. He deserves all praise".[32]

Notable people saved [edit]

  • Leslie Baruch Brent (1925–2019), immunologist who did groundbreaking work on allowed tolerance.[37]
  • Alf Dubs, Baron Dubs (born 1932), British Labour Party politician and former Member of Parliament[38]
  • Heini Halberstam (1926–2014), mathematician[39]
  • Renata Laxova (1931–2020), paediatric geneticist[twoscore]
  • Isi Metzstein (1928–2012), modernist builder[41]
  • Gerda Mayer (1927–2021), poet[42]
  • Karel Reisz (1926–2002), filmmaker[43]
  • Joe Schlesinger (1928–2019), Canadian goggle box journalist and writer[44]
  • Yitzchok Tuvia Weiss (built-in 1926), Master Rabbi of the Edah HaChareidis in Jerusalem[45]
  • Vera Gissing (1928–2022), author and translator[46]

Of the 669 children saved from the Holocaust through Winton's efforts, more than 370 take never been traced. BBC News suggested in 2015 that they may not know the total story of how they survived the war.[38] [47]

2d World War [edit]

Afterwards the outbreak of Earth War Ii, Winton applied successfully for registration as a conscientious objector and later served with the Red Cross.[48] In 1940, he rescinded his objections and joined the Regal Air Force, Administrative and Special Duties Co-operative. He was an aircraftman, ascent to sergeant past the time he was commissioned on 22 June 1944 as an acting pilot officer on probation.[49]

On 17 August 1944, he was promoted to pilot officer on probation.[50] He was promoted to the rank of war substantive flight officer on 17 February 1945.[51] He relinquished his commission on xix May 1954, retaining the honorary rank of flight lieutenant.[52]

Postwar [edit]

Winton visiting Prague in October 2007

Family life [edit]

After the war, Winton worked for the International Refugee Organization and then the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development in Paris, where he met Grete Gjelstrup, a Danish secretary and accountant's girl.[5] [13] They married in her hometown of Vejle on 31 October 1948.[v]

The family insisted that their son Robin stay with them rather than be sent to a residential abode. Robin's expiry from meningitis, the day before his sixth birthday, affected Winton greatly and he founded a local support organization which became Maidenhead Mencap. Winton stood, unsuccessfully, for the town council in 1954;[13] he later constitute work in the finance departments of various companies.[13]

Recognition [edit]

Winton mentioned his humanitarian accomplishments in his election material while unsuccessfully standing for election to the Maidenhead town quango in 1954.[53] [54] [55] Otherwise, he went unnoticed for one-half a century[56] until in 1988 his married woman found a detailed scrapbook in their cranium,[57] containing lists of the children, including their parents' names and the names and addresses of the families that took them in. She gave the scrapbook to Elisabeth Maxwell, a Holocaust researcher and wife of media magnate Robert Maxwell.[53] [57] Winton himself could not think the reason why this was done.[53] Letters were sent to each of these known addresses and 80 of "Winton'south children" were found in Britain.[57]

In an interview on the BBC radio programme The Life Scientific, Simon Wessely described how his father Rudi, one of the rescued children, had a chance encounter with Winton.[58]

The wider world found out about his piece of work in February 1988[53] during an episode of the BBC television plan That's Life! [59] when he was invited every bit a fellow member of the audition. At one betoken, Winton's scrapbook was shown and his achievements were explained. The host of the programme, Esther Rantzen, asked whether anybody in the audition were among the children who owed their lives to Winton, and if so, to stand: more than two dozen people surrounding Winton rose and applauded.[60] Ms Rantzen then asked if anyone present was the kid or grandchild of one of the children Winton saved, and the rest of the audition stood.[61]

He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 2003 when he was surprised by Michael Aspel at Winton Firm, an Abbeyfield Society care home in Windsor, named in his honor.[ citation needed ]

By the fourth dimension Winton's piece of work became known in 1988, most of the people who had worked in the kindertransport in Czechoslovakia had died unrecognized. Winton became the last-surviving and much-lionized symbol of British help to refugees fleeing the Nazis, especially Jewish refugees, before Earth State of war Ii. In i article, two scholars have attempted to put his accomplishments in perspective, writing that Winton "accompanied no trains, made no travel arrangements, never encountered the Gestapo or any personal danger, did not utilise his own coin and, most chiefly, did not act lonely....Nosotros should non reduce the business relationship to but ane saint."[62]

100th birthday [edit]

To celebrate his 100th altogether, Winton flew over the White Waltham Airfield in a microlight piloted past Judy Leden, the daughter of one of the boys he saved.[63] His birthday was as well marked by the publication of a profile in The Jewish Relate.[64]

Death [edit]

Commemorative event, in July 2015, at the Prague Main Railway Station sculpture

Winton died in his sleep on the morning of 1 July 2015 at Wexham Park Hospital in Slough from cardio-respiratory failure, having been admitted a calendar week earlier following a deterioration in his wellness. He was 106 years erstwhile.[65] [66] [47] [67] Winton was survived by his son, Nicholas, and his daughter, Barbara.[68]

Winton's expiry came 76 years to the day after 241 of the children he saved left Prague on a train.[65] A special report from the BBC News on several of the children whom Winton rescued during the war had been published earlier that twenty-four hours.[38]

Honours [edit]

In the 1983 Birthday Honours, Winton was appointed a Member of the Lodge of the British Empire (MBE) for his work in establishing the Abbeyfield homes for the elderly in United kingdom, and in the 2003 New year Honours, he was knighted for services to humanity, in recognition of his work on the Czech Kindertransport.[3] [25] [69] [70] He met the Queen once more during her state visit to Bratislava, Slovakia, in October 2008.[71] In 2003, Winton received the Pride of Britain Award for Lifetime Achievement.[72] In 2010, Winton was named a British Hero of the Holocaust past the British Government.[73]

Winton was awarded the Guild of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, Fourth Form, by the Czech President Václav Havel in 1998.[74] In 2008, he was honoured past the Czech government in several ways. An elementary schoolhouse in Kunžak is named after him,[75] and he was awarded the Cross of Merit of the Minister of Defense force, Grade I.[75] The Czech government nominated him for the 2008 Nobel Peace Prize.[75] [76]

The modest planet 19384 Winton was named in his honour past Czech astronomers Jana Tichá and Miloš Tichý.[77]

A statue of Winton stands on Platform one of the Praha hlavní nádraží railway station.[78] Created past Flor Kent, it was unveiled on 1 September 2009 as part of a larger commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the final Kindertransport train (see as well Winton train, below).[79]

There are too three memorials at Liverpool Street Station in London, where the Kindertransport children arrived.[80] In September 2010, another statue of Winton was unveiled, this time at Maidenhead railway station past Home Secretarial assistant Theresa May, MP for Maidenhead. Created by Lydia Karpinska, it depicts Winton sitting on a bench and reading a book.[ii]

Winton was baptised equally a Christian past his parents, but his Jewish beginnings butterfingers him from beingness declared a Righteous Among the Nations past Yad Vashem in Israel.[81] As an adult, he was not active in any particular religion.[82] In a 2015 interview, Winton told Stephen Sackur he had become disillusioned with religion during the state of war equally he could not reconcile religious movements "praying for victory on both sides of the same war". Winton went on to describe his personal beliefs: "I believe in ethics, and if everybody believed in ideals we'd have no issues at all. That's the only way out; forget the religious side."[83]

Winton received the Wallenberg Medal on 27 June 2013 in London.[29] The following year, the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation established a literary contest named after Winton. The competition is for essays by high school students nearly Winton's legacy.[84]

Winton was awarded the Freedom of the City of London on 23 February 2015.[85]

In 2019 his old school, Stowe, opened a new boys' mean solar day house, named Winton.[86]

Winton train [edit]

On ane September 2009, a special "Winton Train" composed of one or two steam locomotives (out of a prepare of six) and carriages used in the 1930s gear up off from the Prague Main railway station for London via the original Kindertransport route. On board were several surviving "Winton children" and their descendants, who were welcomed by Winton in London.[87]

The occasion marked the 70th ceremony of the final intended Kindertransport arranged by Winton, due to set off on 1 September 1939 but prevented by the outbreak of the Second World War that very twenty-four hour period.[88] At the train's deviation, a memorial statue for Winton, designed by Flor Kent, was unveiled at the railway station.[89]

Order of the White Lion [edit]

On 19 May 2014, Winton's 105th birthday, information technology was appear he was to receive the Czech republic's highest honour, for giving Czech children "the greatest possible souvenir: the risk to live and to be free".[ninety] On 28 October 2014, Winton was awarded the Order of the White Lion (Class I) by Czech President Miloš Zeman,[91] the Czech Defense force Ministry having sent a special shipping to bring him to Prague. The accolade was made alongside one to Sir Winston Churchill, which was accustomed by his grandson Nicholas Soames. Zeman said he regretted the highest Czech award having been awarded to the ii personalities and so belatedly, but added "better tardily than never".[92] Winton was too able to see some of the people he rescued 75 years before, themselves then in their 80s. He said, "I desire to give thanks you lot all for this enormous expression of thanks for something which happened to me nigh 100 years agone—and a 100 years is a heck of a long time. I am delighted that so many of the children are still about and are here to thank me."[90] [93]

List of national honours [edit]

Popular culture [edit]

Winton'due south piece of work is the subject of iii films past Slovak filmmaker Matej Mináč: the drama All My Loved Ones (1999),[94] in which Winton was played past Rupert Graves, the documentary The Power of Good: Nicholas Winton (Síla lidskosti—Nicholas Winton, 2002), which won an Emmy Award,[95] and the documentary drama Nicky'southward Family unit (Nickyho rodina, 2011). A play about Winton, Numbers from Prague, was performed in Cambridge in January 2011.[96] [97]

Winton is a featured subject in Into the Arms of Strangers: Stories of the Kindertransport (2000), narrated by Judi Dench and winner of the 2001 Academy Award for best feature documentary. It was produced by Deborah Oppenheimer, daughter of a Kindertransport child, and written and directed past 3-time Oscar winner Mark Jonathan Harris.

Speaking on BBC Radio 4'south Today programme, on 28 October 2014, Winton said he idea he had "made a difference to a lot of people" and went on to say, "I don't think we've learned anything… the world today is in a more than dangerous state of affairs than information technology has e'er been."[98]

On 19 May 2020, Google honoured Winton's legacy and celebrated what would take been his 111th altogether with a doodle.[99]

Sir Anthony Hopkins and Johnny Flynn volition play Winton, at different stages in life, in a moving picture titled One Life. Directed by Aisling Walsh, One Life will be filmed in the United Kingdom and Czech Republic from April 2021.[100]

Memorials [edit]

On 22 April 2016, a remembrance quarter peal was rung and a new method named Sir Nicholas Winton Delight by bellringers of the Whiting Order of Ringers.[101] On nineteen May 2016, a memorial service for Winton was held at London'south Guildhall, attended by some 400 people, including 28 of those he saved, and Czech, Slovak and Uk regime representatives.[102] On twenty May 2016, military charity Glen Fine art presented a memorial concert celebrating Winton'southward life with Jason Isaacs, Rupert Graves and Alexander Baillie, at St John's, Smith Foursquare. All funds donated were given to charities supporting Syrian refugee children.[103] [104] [105] On fourteen July 2017, a memorial garden for Winton was opened in Maidenhead Oaken Grove park by Prime Minister Theresa May.[106]

Run into besides [edit]

  • Individuals and groups profitable Jews during the Holocaust
  • List of Righteous Amid the Nations by country

References [edit]

  1. ^ "Sir Nicholas Winton, A Man of Backbone". Kingdom of denmark: Auschwitz. 2008. Archived from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  2. ^ a b "Statue for 'British Schindler' Sir Nicholas Winton". BBC News. xviii September 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
  3. ^ a b "No. 56797". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2002. p. 2.
  4. ^ Sharples, Caroline (2019). "Winton [formerly Wertheim], Sir Nicholas George (Nicky) (1909–2015), humanitarian, stockbroker, and finance director". www.oxforddnb.com. doi:ten.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.109930. ISBN9780198614128 . Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  5. ^ a b c "Ægteviede" [Married]. Kirkebog [Parish Register] (photogram). 1946–1955 (in Danish). Vor Frelsers Sogn (Vejle Kommune)  [de]. 31 October 1948. p. 67. {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) Véase el número. 78.
  6. ^ Bates, Stephen (1 July 2015). "Sir Nicholas Winton obituary". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  7. ^ Emanuel, Muriel; Gissing, Vera (2002). Nicholas Winton and the Rescued Generation: Save 1 Life, Salvage the World. Vallentine Mitchell. ISBN9780853034254 . Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  8. ^ a b c "Winton bio". Winton Train. České drahy. 2008. Archived from the original on 9 September 2009.
  9. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  10. ^ "Notices" (PDF). London Gazette. 4 November 1938.
  11. ^ "Contour: Nicholas Winton". BBC News. BBC. 28 August 2009.
  12. ^ "The official opening of Stanhope Firm". Stowe School. 6 March 2009. Archived from the original on eighteen July 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  13. ^ a b c d eastward Moss, Stephen (9 Nov 2014). "'British Schindler' Nicholas Winton: I wasn't heroic. I was never in danger". The Guardian . Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  14. ^ a b "Sir Nicholas Winton, humanitarian – obituary", The Daily Telegraph, i July 2015, retrieved nineteen May 2020
  15. ^ a b Hájková, Anna. "The Woman Behind the Kindertransport". History Today. 68: 36–47.
  16. ^ "Nicholas Winton and the Rescue of Children from Czechoslovakia, 1938–1939". Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
  17. ^ a b Jonathan Romain "Un saludo al 'British Schindler' cuando cumple 104 años", The Guardian, 17 de mayo de 2013.
  18. ^ Holmes and Brade, Rose and Laura (2017). "Troublesome Sainthood: Nicholas Winton and the Contested History of Kid Rescue in Prague, 1938–1940". History and Memory. 29: three–40. doi:10.2979/histmemo.29.one.0003. S2CID 159631013.
  19. ^ "Nicholas Winton, the Schindler of Uk". auschwitz.dk. 2008. Archived from the original on 7 February 2014. Retrieved iii September 2009.
  20. ^ "Inflation computer". www.bankofengland.co.united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland . Retrieved xxx January 2022.
  21. ^ Baruch Tenenbaum. "Nicholas Winton, British savior". IRWF. The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  22. ^ de Jong, Dr. L, "role 1", Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog [A Chronicle of the Netherlands in the World War] (in Dutch)
  23. ^ "Sir Nicholas Winton: How One Human being Saved And then Many Lives". Flashbak. 23 November 2013. Retrieved ane July 2015.
  24. ^ Hammel, Andrea; Lewkowicz, Bea, eds. (2012), The Kindertransport to United kingdom 1938/39: New Perspectives, p. 52
  25. ^ a b c Lahav, Yehuda; Nir Hasson (2 September 2009). "Jews saved past U.M. stockbroker to reenact 1939 journey to safety". Haaretz. Archived from the original on seven October 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  26. ^ Emanuel, Muriel; Gissing, Věra (2002), Nicholas Winton and the rescued generation, Many German refugee boys and some Winton children were given refuge in Christadelphian homes and hostels, and substantial documentation exists to show how closely Overton worked with Winton and, later, with Winton's mother
  27. ^ a b c "A chore well done", The Economist, p. 82, eleven July 2015
  28. ^ The Kinder - Refugiados judíos Diciembre de 1938. YouTube. 19 de diciembre de 2018. Consultado el 19 de mayo de 2020.
  29. ^ a b "Sir Nicholas Winton – A remarkable living legend". The Jerusalem Post. eighteen May 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  30. ^ "Wherearetheynow". Albert Road Academy. April 2002. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  31. ^ "Vera Gissing Interview". Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  32. ^ a b Chadwick, William (2010). The Rescue of the Prague Refugees 1938–39. Matador. p. 97. ISBN978-ane-84876-504-7.
  33. ^ "The Nicholas Winton Kindertransport Myth Comes Off the Rails – The Occidental Observer – White Identity, Interests, and Culture". Archived from the original on eleven May 2019.
  34. ^ Chadwick, William (2010). The Rescue of the Prague Refugees 1938–39. Matador. pp. 114–134. ISBN978-1-84876-504-vii.
  35. ^ "Bill Barazetti - Local Hero". half-dozen Jan 2008.
  36. ^ Grenville, Anthony (April 2011). "Doreen Warriner, Trevor Chadwick and the 'Winton children'" (PDF). Association of Jewish Refugees Periodical. eleven (four): 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 April 2016. Retrieved iv February 2016.
  37. ^ Richmond, Caroline (2 January 2020). "Leslie Baruch Brent obituary". The Guardian.
  38. ^ a b c "Nicholas Winton's children: The Czech Jews rescued by 'British Schindler'". BBC News. ane July 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  39. ^ Champaign Resident Remembers the Kindertransport, WILL, xix April 2012
  40. ^ dmoe@madison.com, 608-252-6446, DOUG MOE. "Doug Moe: Escaping the Nazis, with a hero's help". madison.com . Retrieved 21 Apr 2020.
  41. ^ "Isi Metzstein obituary". The Guardian. 22 June 2012. Retrieved viii June 2020.
  42. ^ Emanuel, Muriel; Gissing, Věra (2002), Nicholas Winton y la generación rescatada, p. 102.
  43. ^ Emanuel, Muriel; Gissing, Věra (2002), Nicholas Winton y la generación rescatada, p. 110.
  44. ^ Emanuel, Muriel; Gissing, Věra (2002), Nicholas Winton y la generación rescatada, p. 138
  45. ^ Sokol, Sam; staff, T. O. I. "Caput of hardline Eda Haredit, initially resistant on virus rules, is infected". world wide web.timesofisrael.com . Retrieved 21 April 2020.
  46. ^ https://english.radio.cz/vera-gissing-one-wintons-children-has-died-aged-93-8744975
  47. ^ a b "'British Schindler' Sir Nicholas Winton dies aged 106". BBC News. 1 July 2015. Retrieved ane July 2015.
  48. ^ Archivo de Sonido del Museo Imperial de Guerra, 17460
  49. ^ "No. 36633". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 July 1944. p. 3562.
  50. ^ "No. 36681". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 August 1944. p. 4071.
  51. ^ "No. 36963". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 February 1945. p. 1202.
  52. ^ "No. 40315". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 February 1945. p. 6205.
  53. ^ a b c d Moss, Stephen (nine November 2014). "'British Schindler' Nicholas Winton: I wasn't heroic. I was never in danger". The Guardian . Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  54. ^ "Nicholas George Winton Ballot Material 1954". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  55. ^ "Interview to Barbara Winton, girl of Sir Nicholas Winton. London, 27 June 2013". YouTube. The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2015.
  56. ^ John Miles (7 March 2015). "Winton'south Children: Saved From The Holocaust Past 'Britain'southward Schindler'". Newsweek . Retrieved 22 Feb 2017.
  57. ^ a b c "Film documents 'power of skilful'". Jewish News of Greater Phoenix. Jewishaz.com. Archived from the original on xix September 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  58. ^ "Simón Wessely sobre síndromes médicos inexplicables, The Life Scientific – BBC Radio 4". BBC. Consultado el 16 de enero de 2019.
  59. ^ "The Power of Practiced". Archived from the original on 23 Oct 2013.
  60. ^ Sir Nicholas Winton – Programa de la BBC "That'south Life" (1988) en Youtube. Consultado el 25 de octubre de 2011
  61. ^ That's Life, 1988
  62. ^ Brade, Laura E.; Holmes, Rose (2017). "Troublesome Sainthood: Nicholas Winton and the Contested History of Child Rescue in Prague, 1938-1940". History and Memory. 29 (1): 23–29. doi:10.2979/histmemo.29.one.0003. JSTOR 10.2979/histmemo.29.1.0003. S2CID 159631013.
  63. ^ "'Britain Schindler' in altogether flight". BBC News. 29 June 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  64. ^ Porter, Monica (xiv May 2009). "Sir Nicholas Winton: A reluctant Holocaust hero". The Jewish Chronicle . Retrieved twenty Dec 2009.
  65. ^ a b "Sir Nicholas Winton, who saved hundreds of children from Nazi persecution, dies aged 106". Maidenhead Advertiser. 1 July 2015. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  66. ^ Koppel, Naomi (1 July 2015). "Kindertransport Organizer Nicholas Winton Dies at 106". ABC News. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  67. ^ Robert D. McFadden (1 July 2015). "Nicholas Winton, Rescuer of 669 Children From Holocaust, Dies at 106". The New York Times . Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  68. ^ Stephen Bates, obituario de Sir Nicholas Winton The Guardian, 1 de julio de 2015
  69. ^ "No. 49375". The London Gazette (Supplement). 10 June 1983. p. 17.
  70. ^ "No. 57030". The London Gazette. 15 August 2003. p. 10218.
  71. ^ "Slovaks welcome Queen to capital". BBC News. 23 October 2008. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  72. ^ "Lifetime Achievement: Sir Nicholas Winton". 2003. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  73. ^ "Britons honoured for holocaust heroism". The Daily Telegraph. London. 9 March 2010. Archived from the original on 12 March 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2010.
  74. ^ "List of holders of the Tomas Garrigue Masaryk Lodge". Prague Castle site. Office of the President of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  75. ^ a b c "Sir Nicholas Winton in the Czechia". Ministry building of Defense, Czech Republic. 2 July 2008. Retrieved v September 2009.
  76. ^ "Great britain | UK'southward 'Schindler' awaits Nobel vote". BBC News. 1 February 2008. Retrieved ane September 2009.
  77. ^ "JPL Small-scale-Body Database Browser". JPL Pocket-size-Trunk Database. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 2 October 2003. Retrieved xi January 2009.
  78. ^ Dáin & Olík; sfwife (twenty Jan 2011). "Sir Nicholas Winton statue, Praha, CZ". Waymarking. Groundspeak. Retrieved nineteen November 2013. Quick Description: Bronzova socha Sira Nicholase Wintona a dvou deti / Bronze statues of Sir Nicholas Winton and 2 children. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  79. ^ "Survivors get together to pay tribute to 'British Schindler'". The Independent. 1 September 2009. Retrieved nine November 2016.
  80. ^ "Kindertransport – the arrival Memorial". n.d. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  81. ^ "Nicholas Winton". Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  82. ^ "Contour: Nicholas Winton". BBC News. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 30 Dec 2014.
  83. ^ "BBC HARDtalk with Sir Nicholas Winton". BBC. Retrieved 17 July 2015. [ dead YouTube link ] a los 18 minutos 11 segundos
  84. ^ Carta en el periódico The Guardian, 24 de mayo de 2014, firmada por Eduardo Eurnekian y Baruch Tenembaum, presidente y fundador de la Fundación Internacional Raoul Wallenberg
  85. ^ "Sir Nicholas Winton Domicile Page". Nicholaswinton.com. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  86. ^ "Winton House Boys". Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  87. ^ "Winton railroad train arrives in London". Channel 4 News. 4 September 2009. Archived from the original on 5 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  88. ^ Simon, Bob (Contributor) (27 Apr 2014). Saving the Children (Goggle box Production Transcript). 60 Minutes. CBS News. Retrieved xix May 2016.
  89. ^ ČTK (1 September 2009). "Train in honour of Jewish children rescuer Winton leaves Prague". České noviny. Neris due south.r.o. Archived from the original on iv September 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  90. ^ a b Singh, Anita (21 May 2014). "Sir Nicholas Winton at 105: the man who gave 669 Czech children the 'greatest souvenir'". The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  91. ^ ČTK. "Seznam osobností vyznamenaných letos při příležitosti 28. října". ceskenoviny.cz. (en checo)
  92. ^ "White Lion goes to Winton and Winston". The Prague Post. 28 Oct 2014.
  93. ^ "Nicholas Winton honoured past Czechs for saving children from Nazis". BBC News.
  94. ^ "Všichni moji blízcí (1999)". Cyberspace Movie Database . Retrieved i September 2009.
  95. ^ "Síla lidskosti – Nicholas Winton (2002)". Internet Movie Database . Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  96. ^ "Numbers from Prague". Keystage. 2011. Archived from the original on seven March 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  97. ^ La Asociación Europea para la Cultura Judía, premios de becas de teatro 2010.
  98. ^ "Sir Nicholas Winton: I've fabricated a deviation". BBC News.
  99. ^ Cumpleaños 111 de Nicholas Winton. Google. 19 de mayo de 2020. Consultado el 19 de mayo de 2020.
  100. ^ "Nicholas Winton biopic Ane Life, starring Anthony Hopkins, to shoot in Prague". The Prague Reporter . Retrieved 27 January 2021.
  101. ^ Rowe, Alan (25 April 2016). "Ringing World BellBoard". bb.ringingworld.co.uk . Retrieved eight May 2016.
  102. ^ "Nicholas Winton memorial service honours Holocaust hero". BBC News. 19 May 2016.
  103. ^ "Concert celebrating Sir Nicholas Winton to raise funds for Syrian refugees". Jewish News. xvi March 2016.
  104. ^ "Birmingham musicians accolade 'British Schindler'". Purple Birmingham Conservatoire. 6 May 2016.
  105. ^ "CONCERT CELEBRATING SIR NICHOLAS WINTON TO RAISE FUNDS FOR SYRIAN REFUGEES". Glen Art. xx May 2016.
  106. ^ Hine, Nicola (fourteen July 2017). "VIDEO: Prime number Minister Theresa May officially opens Sir Nicholas Winton Memorial Garden in Maidenhead". Maidenhead Advertiser . Retrieved 19 May 2020.

Further reading [edit]

  • Brade, Laura Eastward.; Holmes, Rose (2017). "Troublesome Sainthood: Nicholas Winton and the Contested History of Child Rescue in Prague, 1938–1940". History and Memory. 29 (1): three–40. doi:10.2979/histmemo.29.1.0003. ISSN 0935-560X. JSTOR ten.2979/histmemo.29.1.0003. S2CID 159631013.
  • Winton, Barbara (2014), If It'due south Not Incommunicable... The Life of Sir Nicholas Winton, Matador, ISBN 978-one-78306-520-2
  • Harris, Mark Jonathan and Oppenheimer, Deborah (2000), Into the Arms of Strangers: Stories of the Kindertransport, Bloomsbury

External links [edit]

  • Nicholas Winton at IMDb
  • Sir Nicholas Winton's meeting with many of the people he saved (BBC Programme "That'south Life" aired in 1988)
  • Sir Nicholas Winton'southward folio on Maidenhead Heritage Centre Hall of Fame
  • Nicholas Winton motion-picture show wins Emmy Czech Radio interview
  • The New York Times Review of All My Loved Ones
  • Nicholas Winton – The Power of Good
  • Into the Arms of Strangers: Stories of the Kindertransport
  • "Breakfast With Frost: Interview with Nicholas Winton & Alfred Dubs". BBC Breakfast. five January 2003.
  • Interview with Lady Milena Grenfell-Baines, one of the children saved
  • "Retracing a life-saving journey". BBC News. 31 Baronial 2009.
Awards and achievements
Preceded by

Maria Gunnoe

 Wallenberg Medalist
2013 		Succeeded past

Ágnes Heller

jimenezentrught.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Winton

0 Response to "What methods did Nicholas Winton use to accomplish his goals?"

Enregistrer un commentaire

Inscription à : Publier les commentaires (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel